This is negative reinforcement because 1) math homework is being removed and 2) Ana continues to throw her books. You don’t have to do it right now.” As a result, in the future, Ana will throw her book again because she knows if she does, she will not have to do her homework. Ana refuses and throws her book across the room. Negative reinforcement: Ana is asked to complete her math homework. Math homework was reinforced by going outside to play. This is positive reinforcement because 1) a privilege is being given to Ana and 2) the result is that Ana continues to complete her math homework. As a result, the next day she gets her homework done right away because she is looking forward to going outside. Positive reinforcement: Ana finishes her math homework and is allowed to play outside. Negative reinforcement is the process of taking away something, but it also strengthens behavior. Positive reinforcement is the process of giving something to the child which will strengthen the child’s behavior. Punishment, on the other hand, is designed to stop behavior. It involves the removal of something aversive, and as a result, behavior is strengthened. But negative reinforcement is not punishment. Many people confuse the term negative reinforcement with punishment. Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, is a widely misunderstood term. Positive reinforcement is essentially a reward, and is a relatively easy concept to understand. In ABA, we make a distinction between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. In order to teach children with autism to engage in appropriate behaviors, those behaviors must be reinforced. Reinforcement is anything that strengthens behavior (causes it to occur more often). Reinforcement is vital for the success of any ABA program.
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